Research suggest that if people want to lower their risk of heart disease, they should replace their intake of

___________ with an increase in their intake of __________.

saturated fats鈥efined carbohydrates.
refined carbohydrates鈥?unsaturated fats.
unsaturated fats鈥omplex carbohydrates.
all fats鈥omplex carbohydrates.

I choose refined carbohydrates..unsaturated fats. The human body needs some fats to insulate the body. Fat is needed for a function in the body to keep it warm and in some areas for other purposes that are designed to work with the body. It can be used for survival if in a situation such as being stranded in a plane crash,etc. SO one can't or shouldn't eliminate ALL fats.

Info to support my input on the fats is used here from the Palo Alto Medical Foundation website. They show the following on unsaturated fats as this:

Polyunsaturated fats are predominantly found in plant foods and seafood. They reduce total blood cholesterol levels by decreasing LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels. They consist of both omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fats. Omega-6 fatty acids, found in vegetable oils such as corn oil, sunflower oil, cottonseed oil, mayonnaise, sesame oil, and margarine, may negatively impact your HDL cholesterol level by lowering it. Omega-3 fatty acids, found in fatty cold-water fish such as salmon, mackerel, sardines, anchovies, herring, as well as in soybeans, tofu, English walnuts, and flaxseeds, may help to increase your HDL cholesterol level. Omega-3 fatty acids may also have other heart protective benefits.

Monounsaturated fats are predominantly found in plant foods. They reduce total blood cholesterol levels by lowering LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels when they are used to replace saturated fats and carbohydrates. You may also see an increase in your HDL cholesterol level if you use monounsaturated fats in place of trans fats and/or omega-6 polyunsaturated fats. Sources of monounsaturated fats include olive oil, canola oil, peanut butter without additives, avocado, olives, tahini paste, and all types of nuts. Remember to check the label for hidden added fats such as hydrogenated oils.

In regards to the refined carbs I saw this on the medicine net website that really breaks down the reason to avoid these:

Eat the Right Type of Carbs
Medical Author: Melissa Stoppler, M.D.
Medical Editor: Barbara K. Hecht, Ph.D.

It is the type, rather than the amount, of carbohydrates in your diet that helps determine your body weight.

Refined carbohydrates are, for example, those found in sugar, white breads, pasta, crackers, and cereals. Refined carbohydrates are 鈥渂ad鈥?because they have what is called a high glycemic index, meaning that these foods cause a sudden and sharp increase in blood sugar. If this blood sugar is not used by the body, it is stored as fat.

Processed foods, by definition, contain high amounts of refined carbohydrates. During processing, nutrients and fiber are often removed from these foods. Since fiber helps slow the release of sugar into the blood, the loss of fiber is one reason that processed foods have a high glycemic index.

Whole grains, vegetables, and fruits also contain carbohydrates, but these carbohydrates are 鈥済ood鈥?ones because they have a lower glycemic index.

reduce all fats, increase complex carbohydrate

i would say all fats...complex carbohydrates. "Limiting dietary cholesterol has an added bonus: You'll also cut out saturated fat, as cholesterol and saturated fat are usually found in the same foods. Get energy by eating complex carbohydrates..." The heart-healthy diet doesn't say all fats, just saturated. But you want to limit the amount of unsaturated fat you take in so the last answer makes the most sense (i think!) see link...

saturated fats are fine - its trans fats that cause the damage.

complex carbohydrates are ok, esp as leafy veggies