What is Angina? its somthing related to heart disease...shrinkage of a vessel.?

i'm not sure of i got the spelling correct.
what are the causes and the implications?

Do you mean Angina Pectoris?

Angina pectoris is chest pain due to ischemia (a lack of blood and hence oxygen supply) of the heart muscle, generally due to obstruction or spasm of the coronary arteries (the heart's blood vessels). Coronary artery disease, the main cause of angina, is due to atherosclerosis of the cardiac arteries. The term derives from the Greek ankhon ("strangling") and the Latin pectus ("chest"), and can therefore be translated as "a strangling feeling in the chest".

It is common to equate severity of angina with risk of fatal cardiac events. There is a weak relationship between severity of pain and degree of oxygen deprivation in the heart muscle ie there can be severe pain with little or no risk of a heart attack, and a heart attack can occur without pain)

Worsening ("crescendo") angina attacks, sudden-onset angina at rest, and angina lasting more than 15 minutes are symptoms of unstable angina (usually grouped with similar conditions as the acute coronary syndrome). As these may herald myocardial infarction (a heart attack), they require urgent medical attention and are generally treated as a presumed heart attack

Symptoms:

Most patients with angina complain of chest discomfort rather than actual pain: the discomfort is usually described as a pressure, heaviness, squeezing, burning, or choking sensation. Apart from chest discomfort, anginal pains may also be experienced in the epigastrium (upper central abdomen), back, neck, jaw, or shoulders. Typical locations for radiation of pain are arms, shoulders, and neck. Angina is typically precipitated by exertion or emotional stress. It is exacerbated by having a full stomach and by cold temperatures. Pain may be accompanied by breathlessness, sweating and nausea in some cases. It usually lasts for about 1 to 5 minutes, and is relieved by rest or specific anti-angina medication. Chest pain lasting only a few seconds is normally not angina.

Myocardial ischemia comes about when the myocardia (the heart muscles) fail to take in sufficient blood and oxygen to function correctly. This inadequate perfusion of blood and the resulting reduced delivery of oxygen and nutrients, is directly correlated to blocked or narrowed blood vessels.

Some experience "autonomic symptoms" (related to increased activity of the autonomic nervous system) such as nausea, vomiting and pallor.

Major risk factors for angina include family history of premature heart disease, cigarette smoking, diabetes, high cholesterol, and high blood pressure.

A variant form of angina (Prinzmetal's angina) occurs in patients with normal coronary arteries or insignificant atherosclerosis. It is thought to be caused by spasms of the artery. It occurs more in younger women.

Treatments:

The main goals of treatment in angina pectoris are relief of symptoms, slowing progression of the disease, and reduction of future events, especially heart attacks and of course death. An aspirin (75 mg to 100 mg) per day has been shown to be beneficial for all patients with stable angina that have no problems with its use. Beta-blockers have a large body of evidence in morbidity and mortality benefits (fewer symptoms and disability and live longer) and short-acting nitroglycerin medications are used for symptomatic relief of angina. Calcium channel blockers (such as nifedipine and amlodipine), Isosorbide mononitrate and nicorandil are vasodilators commonly used in chronic stable angina. A new therapeutic class, called If inhibitor, has recently been made available: ivabradine provides pure heart rate reduction, leading to major anti-ischemic and antianginal efficacy.ACE inhibitors are also vasodilators with both symptomatic and prognostic benefit and lastly, statins are the most frequently used lipid/cholesterol modifiers which probably also stabilise existing atheromatous plaque.

Surprising perhaps is that exercise is also a very good long term treatment for angina[1](but only particular regimes - gentle and sustained exercise rather than dangerous intense short bursts), probably working by complex mechanisms such improving blood pressure and promoting coronary artery collateralisation.

Identifying and treating risk factors for further coronary heart disease is a priority in patients with angina. This means testing for elevated cholesterol and other fats in the blood, diabetes and hypertension (high blood pressure), encouraging stopping smoking and weight optimisation.

Even though known victims may wear a necklace or bracelet identifying the medical condition, EMS (ambulance) is still required.

Ranolazine(Ranexa) is a new class of anti anginal drug that was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

Recently, University of Cincinnati medical researchers in cardiology have tried to use a non-invasive, non-surgical collecting tool to gather harvested erythropoietic bone marrow-based adult stem cells and coax them into regrowing new coronary blood vessels to supply the cardiac muscle's cells (cardiac myocytes) with oxygenated blood, with some success- leading to larger Phase 2 trials. Source(s): http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/angina...

angina is heart pain, caused by a lack of oxygen to a part of the heart.
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angina is an infection of the throat, but angina pectoris is a heart condition. angina menas narrow, and pectoris is the area of the chest.
so it kinda tells what it is, a pressure and narrow feeling somewhere around the thorax.
agina pectoris (ap) is caused by chunked up heart vessels, not allowing enough blood to get to the heart muslce. that's what causes the pain. some people carry a nitro spray that enlarges the vessels and makes them feel better. ap can be an indicator for an upcoming heart attack. when suspecting yourself of having ap related symptoms (shortness of breath, pain in the chest (sometimes even back pain), you are sweating and a general uncomfortable feeling) you should see a doctor real soon (when having a lot of trouble, do not hesitate to call an ambulance!) and get checked out to make sure that it is not a heart attack. ap can be treated real good. sometimes the nitro spray will do it, sometimes people need a stent or even bypass surgery.
hope that was the information you needed. good luck
Angina is the pain you get when your heart doesnt get enough oxygen. It is caused by Ischemic Heart Disease, namely a condition caused by narrowing of the blood vessels supplying the heart muscle. This is usually caused by plaque from cholesterol. It feels the similar to when you have a heart attack - usually a burning or pressing sensation on your chest sometimes radiating down your left arm and up your neck and jaw. It varies from person to person and often presents as abdominal pain in women. The difference between angina and a heart attack is that a heart attack causes permanent damage to your heart where as angina is a temporary lack of oxygen that doesnt cause any damage. If it isnt kept under control and treated the temporary lack of oxygen can last so long that the muscle cells are permanently damaged. I hope this helps
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